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The Bible occasionally depicts God as “relenting” or altering His course of action, which can appear to contradict the doctrine of divine immutability.
Passages such as Exodus 32, where God spares Israel after Moses’s intercession, and Deuteronomy 9-10, which depict God’s mercy, seem to challenge the notion of God’s unchanging nature. However, these instances do not represent a fundamental alteration in God’s essence. Instead, they illustrate God’s dynamic engagement with humanity within the framework of His eternal purposes.
These “changes” reflect God’s consistent character, particularly His justice and mercy, in response to the changing circumstances of human action. Theologians often explain that God’s relenting is not a shift in His essential being but a manifestation of His unchanging attributes in a relational context.
Take for example, The expansion of the covenant to include Gentiles (Matthew 8:11, Revelation 7:9), while seemingly a departure from the initial focus on Israel, represents the fulfillment, not the alteration, of God’s original plan for universal attraction of all men to HIMSELF.
In conclusion, the biblical descriptions of God “changing His mind” are best understood as expressions of His relational nature and His consistent commitment to fulfilling His eternal purposes through human history, thereby upholding rather than contradicting His immutability.